If you want to change excluded and included tests, in your test fragment you have to add something like the following:

<build>
  <plugins>
    <plugin>
      <groupId>org.sonatype.tycho</groupId>
      <artifactId>maven-osgi-test-plugin</artifactId>
      <version>${tycho-version}</version>
      <configuration>
        <excludes>
          <exclude>**/BasicTest.java</exclude>
        </excludes>
        <includes>
          <include>**/CalcRunnerCase.java</include>
        </includes>
      </configuration>
    </plugin>
  </plugins>
</build>

Keep in mind, that if tycho will not find any tests, it will fail! See discussion on issue tracker.

For instance, you are working with org.w3c.dom. Suddenly you need a feature of extracting elements by tagname only from the first level. Since by default method getElementsByTagName returns all the elements from all levels, you decide to write your own method:

public List getChildElementsByTagnameFromFirstLevel(Element parentEl, String tagname) {
  List childrenEls = new ArrayList();

  NodeList nl = parentEl.getChildNodes();
  for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
    if (nl.item(i).getNodeName().equals(tagname)) {
      childrenEls.add((Element) nl.item(i));
    }
  }

  return childrenEls;
}

In order to test this method, you have to create mocks. Let say we use EasyMock for that:

@Test
public void testGetChildElementsByTagnameFromFirstLevel() {
  String TAGNAME = "TAGNAME";

  Element n1 = EasyMock.createMock(Element.class);
  EasyMock.expect(n1.getNodeName()).andReturn(TAGNAME);
  Element n2 = EasyMock.createMock(Element.class);
  EasyMock.expect(n2.getNodeName()).andReturn("");
  Element n3 = EasyMock.createMock(Element.class);
  EasyMock.expect(n3.getNodeName()).andReturn(TAGNAME);

  NodeList nl = EasyMock.createMock(NodeList.class);
  EasyMock.expect(nl.getLength()).andReturn(3);
  EasyMock.expectLastCall().times(4);
  EasyMock.expect(nl.item(0)).andReturn(n1);
  EasyMock.expect(nl.item(0)).andReturn(n1);
  EasyMock.expect(nl.item(1)).andReturn(n2);
  EasyMock.expect(nl.item(2)).andReturn(n3);
  EasyMock.expect(nl.item(2)).andReturn(n3);

  Element el = EasyMock.createMock(Element.class);
  EasyMock.expect(el.getChildNodes()).andReturn(nl);

  EasyMock.replay(n1, n2, n3, nl, el);

  Assert.assertEquals(2, domUtils.getChildElementsByTagnameFromFirstLevel(el, TAGNAME).size());

  EasyMock.verify(n1, n2, n3, nl, el);
}

Of course, you may have more advanced test method.
Later on you realize, that you need to use the same method in another class. What would you normally do? Yes, move it to the some sort of utility class. But in that case, you would have this method static. And you would have to repeat the same mocking when testing the both classes. The better idea would be to create and interface DOMUtils with a method List getChildElementsByTagnameFromFirstLevel(Element, String) . Then, create implementation DOMUtilsImpl. And inject DOMUtils into needed classes. In this case you would need to mock only DOMUtils.